Bitcoin Self-Custody · BIP39 · Cryptographic Randomness

Generate a BIP39 Seed Phrase with Dice

Use ordinary six-sided dice with an offline SeedSigner or offline BIP39 tool

128 or 256-bit Entropy
Air-Gapped
BIP39
12 or 24 Words
User-Generated Randomness
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Why Generate Your Seed Phrase with Dice?

Your Bitcoin seed phrase is the master key to your funds. Whoever controls the seed phrase controls the Bitcoin. Generating entropy with physical dice lets you supply and observe the randomness yourself instead of relying only on a device's internal random-number generator.

Why add your own entropy? A compromised or poorly seeded random-number generator could produce predictable keys. Properly mixed dice reduce reliance on one hidden component, but the offline tool, firmware, computer and your operating procedure still matter.
🎲
Physical Randomness
Well-mixed ordinary dice provide physical entropy you can observe and record yourself. Use every result exactly as rolled; never choose or discard outcomes.
✅
Verifiable Entropy
You can count and audit every roll. The offline software then converts the recorded entropy into a BIP39 phrase and calculates its checksum.
🏝️
Air-Gapped Security
Done properly, your seed phrase is generated and recorded without touching the internet. It never exists on a connected device during creation.
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Less Reliance on One Device
User-supplied dice entropy reduces dependence on a wallet's internal randomness. It does not eliminate firmware, software, supply-chain or handling risks.

The Numbers Behind BIP39

2,048
Words in the official BIP39 word list
12 / 24
Words representing 128 / 256 bits of entropy plus checksum bits
50 / 99
D6 rolls used by SeedSigner for a 12-word / 24-word phrase
2.585
Bits of entropy per fair six-sided die roll
Key point: Fifty fair D6 rolls provide about 129 bits of raw entropy—enough for a 12-word BIP39 phrase. A 24-word phrase needs about twice as much; SeedSigner uses 99 rolls. The last word is not merely a checksum word: it contains both entropy and checksum bits.
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What You'll Need

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Ordinary D6 Dice and a Box
Regular six-sided dice are suitable. Use enough rolls: 50 for a 12-word phrase or 99 for a 24-word phrase in SeedSigner. A lidded box helps mix several dice thoroughly.
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SeedSigner or Offline Tool
Use an air-gapped SeedSigner, or a previously downloaded and verified standalone copy of the Ian Coleman BIP39 tool on an offline computer.
✏️
Paper & Pencil
Record every die result in order. Use pencil so you can correct transcription mistakes. Destroy roll notes only after the finished seed and recovery test are complete.
💻
Private Offline Workspace
Remove phones and cameras. Prefer a dedicated computer that has never been online, or boot a trusted live system with networking disabled and no network cable attached.
Ted Lee's open cardboard mixing box containing ordinary six-sided dice and a SeedSigner device before the device is removed for shaking
My dice-mixing box: this photo is shown open so the dice and SeedSigner can be seen. Before mixing, I remove the SeedSigner from the box, put the lid on securely, then shake, rotate and turn the closed box upside down many times. The electronic device must never be left inside while the box is shaken.
Seed lengthEntropySeedSigner D6 inputPractical rule
12 words128 bits + checksum50 rollsAt least 50 fair rolls; do not stop below 50.
24 words256 bits + checksum99 rollsUse the full 99 rolls requested by SeedSigner.

Page updated September 16, 2026

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Step-by-Step Guide

1
Prepare a Private, Offline Workspace

Gather ordinary six-sided dice, the lidded mixing box, paper and pencil, and either your SeedSigner or offline computer. Work away from windows, cameras, phones, smart speakers and other people.

  • Disconnect Ethernet and disable Wi-Fi and Bluetooth on the computer
  • Prefer battery power for the SeedSigner; do not connect it to a computer
  • Cover or remove cameras that can see the work area
  • Decide before starting: 12 words (50 rolls) or 24 words (99 rolls)
2
Mix the Dice in the Closed Box

Place the ordinary D6 dice in the box, but remove the SeedSigner first. Close the lid securely. Shake, rotate and turn the box upside down many times, then set it down flat and open it without disturbing the dice.

  • Read the dice in one consistent order, such as top-to-bottom and left-to-right
  • Record every result exactly; never replace a result you do not like
  • If a die is cocked or unreadable, define your reroll rule in advance and apply it consistently
3
Record Enough D6 Results

Write each result as a digit from 1 through 6, in order. Repeat the mixing process until you have 50 rolls for 12 words or 99 rolls for 24 words, following the count displayed by SeedSigner.

Using many dice at once is fine—the important points are thorough mixing, a consistent reading order and an accurate sequence. Double-check the count before entering it.

4
Method A — Enter the Rolls into SeedSigner

On the air-gapped SeedSigner, choose the seed-generation option for dice rolls, select 12 or 24 words, and enter the D6 results in their exact order. SeedSigner converts the entropy and displays a valid BIP39 phrase with the checksum already included.

Carefully copy every word and its position. Confirm the final count and spelling before moving on. Keep the camera pointed away from the written seed except when a trusted workflow specifically requires it.

5
Method B — Use Ian Coleman on an Offline Computer

For stronger isolation, first obtain the official standalone Ian Coleman BIP39 release and verify it before moving it to the offline computer. Open the saved HTML file locally, select dice entropy, enter the complete D6 sequence, and let the tool generate the 12- or 24-word phrase with its checksum.

Important: the project also has a live webpage, but merely loading it and then unplugging the network is weaker than using a verified standalone copy on a computer kept offline. Never type real dice entropy or a valuable seed into the live online page.

6
Verify the Checksum with Sparrow Wallet

On a dedicated offline computer, open Sparrow Wallet and start a new wallet. Choose Software Wallet → Mnemonic Words (BIP39), select 12 or 24 words, and enter the phrase in order. Sparrow will display “Valid checksum” when the words and order form a valid BIP39 mnemonic.

For checksum checking only, stop before creating or saving the wallet. Never enter a valuable seed into Sparrow on your normal internet-connected computer. A valid checksum detects many typing or ordering errors, but it does not prove that the seed was generated secretly or randomly.

7
Back Up and Test Recovery Before Funding

Transfer the final 12 or 24 words to a durable backup. Metal is more resistant than paper to fire, water and decay. Then restore the seed in a controlled offline test and compare the wallet fingerprint or several receive addresses before sending meaningful funds.

  • Stamp or engrave the words in numbered order
  • Store the backup in a secure, private location
  • Consider a second backup stored in a geographically separate location
  • Never photograph, email, scan or upload the seed
  • Destroy the temporary dice-roll notes only after recovery is verified

Number Every Word in the Correct Order

The layout below illustrates numbered positions only. In BIP39, checksum bits are included within the final word; the final word is not made entirely of checksum bits.

1.laptop
2.noble
3.furnace
4.vacuum
5.uncle
6.tribe
7.index
8.follow
9.rocket
10.scout
11.praise
12.motion
13.degree
14.buyer
15.vapor
16.enlist
17.genius
18.absent
19.mango
20.rival
21.tunnel
22.expire
23.gloom
24.✦ derived

Example only — never use a seed phrase you did not generate yourself.

🛡️

Security Considerations

This is not casual advice. A mistake in seed phrase generation or storage is irreversible. There is no customer support, no password reset, and no "forgot my seed" option. Take this process seriously.
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Use Fair Dice with Randomised Rolls

Ordinary six-sided dice are suitable when they are mixed thoroughly and enough results are used. Inspect them for obvious damage or identical repeated behaviour. Use every readable result exactly as rolled.

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Stay Completely Offline Throughout

Remove phones from the room. Unplug Ethernet and disable Wi-Fi and Bluetooth before exposing dice entropy or seed words. A trusted live operating system can reduce traces, but you must still keep networking off and verify the software beforehand.

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No Cameras, No Photographs

Never photograph your seed phrase, word list, or working notes. Smart TVs, laptops with cameras, and phones all present risk. Cover or remove any camera that points toward your workspace.

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Destroy Working Notes

Destroy temporary dice-roll notes only after you have made the permanent backup and successfully tested recovery. Use a safe destruction method appropriate to your location; do not leave readable notes in recycling or rubbish.

🔩
Store Backups in Metal, Not Paper

Paper can degrade, burn, flood or fade. Stamp or engrave seed words into stainless steel or titanium and keep the backup private. If you use a safe-deposit box, consider legal access, privacy and what happens after death.

🤐
Never Share Your Seed Phrase — With Anyone

No legitimate wallet, exchange, support team, or person will ever need your seed phrase. Anyone who asks for it is attempting to steal your Bitcoin. There are no exceptions.

Disclaimer

This page is educational information, not financial, legal, tax or individualized security advice. Self-custody is unforgiving: one exposed, lost or incorrectly recorded seed can cause permanent loss. Software, firmware and procedures can change, so verify current instructions from the official SeedSigner, Ian Coleman and Sparrow Wallet sources before using real funds.

Practice first with a test wallet and a small amount. Never use any example words shown on a website, and never reveal your seed phrase to Ted Lee, a wallet company, an exchange, “support,” or anyone else.

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Additional Resources

🍁
Maple Bitcoin School
Education · Self-custody · Canadian perspective

Self-custody is not just a technical skill — it is a philosophy. Maple Bitcoin School helps Canadians understand not just how to hold Bitcoin, but why it matters. Free trial available.

  1. Click the link below to open the signup page.
  2. Create your account using your email and a secure password.
  3. Confirm that Ted Lee invited you appears in the referral field.
  4. Complete registration to access your free trial period.

Referral code: https://www.skool.com/maplebitcoin/about?ref=fe87c0c46c0e412aa2a6397f5e3c2d5a

Join Maple Bitcoin School →

🍁 Your Keys. Your Bitcoin. Your Freedom.

Not your keys, not your coins. Carefully generated dice entropy is one strong self-custody option when paired with verified offline tools, tested recovery and disciplined backup security.

Learn More at Maple Bitcoin School →